Plasma Bound (Dublin, Ireland), an Irish deep-tech company, excels in high-performance surface preparation for the bonding of composite assemblies across various industries. Its novel solution, controlled polymer ablation (CPA), tackles bonding difficulties for lightweight materials, such as carbon- and glass fiber-reinforced polymers. By using an atmospheric pressure plasma, CPA removes surface polymer, resulting in a highly energized surface with an enhanced surface area ready for bonding or coating.

The company’s CPA technology is underpinned by commercial atmospheric plasma equipment and is currently deployed using Plasma Bound’s quality assurance and control product, Vulcan (Fig. 2). Vulcan enables in-situ quality validation and process-level control of surfaces for adhesion applications, providing quality assurance records of process and parts on a batch and/or part basis.

One of CPA’s stand-out features, is its precise control over the depth of polymer removal from the surface. Fig. 3 illustrates three progressive stages of removal from a carbon fiber composite — untreated, skimmed, partially and fully revealed fibers. The ability to target anywhere along the spectrum of these gradients enables different bonding strategies for different end-uses.

According to Plasma Bound, its CPA technology, powered by Vulcan, has been validated in the automotive sector and offers multiple benefits in various sectors, including:

• Automation: Facilitates faster assembly times and improved bond strengths.
• Lightweighting: Enables automakers to reduce vehicle weight without compromising safety, meeting stringent emissions regulations.
• Sustainability: Minimizes material waste, scrap production and energy consumption, aligning with circular economy principles.
• Fuel efficiency: Enhances fuel efficiency, critical for airlines and space exploration, by expanding the availability of lightweight structures.
• Reduced waste: Replaces wasteful peel-ply and abrasion processes, cutting down on scrap and rework efforts.
• Energy efficiency: Reduces energy consumption through a low-energy input process, eliminating unnecessary process steps, and removing consumables.
• Safer materials: Offers reliability and stronger lightweight structure along with reduced non-compliances.

Plasma Bound’s ambition is to deploy its CPA platform technology globally, to enable manufacturers to improve quality and safety, increase efficiency and reduce cost.